Worbarrow Bay Answers

February 2004 Worbarrow Bay

Field trip to introduce and aid revision of S260

Q1
Worbarrow Tout. Purbeck
Q2
2.5 km
Q2A
Strike East / West- dip to North (90"), generally quite straight, perhaps a structure.
Q3
30 - 50 degrees
Q4
i) They are in the same direction - younger going north
ii) They are at right angles to each other.
iii) Seem to be steep dips, narrow outcrops.
Q5
Not so narrow!
Q6
Follows quite closely, The narrow outcrops here are scarp slopes of horizontally bedded strata. Good indicators of horizontal beds.
Q7
Vertical scale is 3 times horizontal
Q8
Measure outcrop width, use dip given and formula t = w x sin @ Dip @ = 45 w = 700 so t = 700 x 0.5 = 350m in Worbarrow
Q9
Thin out from Swanage towards Lulworth.
Q10
Wealden possibly less resistant to erosion- forms bays and low ground.
Q11
Could be a anticline or syncline.- actually the Purbeck Monocline, younger than Eocene- Alpine orogeny (Miocene)
Q12
Southwest
Q13
Down thrown to southwest(normal) tear (sinistral)
Q14
Older than Creechbarrow beds - younger than London Clay
Q15
Creechbarrow Outlier - younger beds surrounded by older; other examples at St Aldehms
Q16
V shape out crops point in the direction of dip - the shallower the dip the more pointed the V.
Q17
Quartz, calcite, clay minerals
Q18
calcite
Q19
aragonite
Q20
Precipitated, biological
Q21
CaCO3 + 2HCl > CaCl + H20 +CO2 gas
Q22
When it is Dolomite - CaMg substitution for CaC03.
Q23
Rain water containing dissolved CO2 causes dissolution
CaCO3 + H2O +CO2 > (Ca3+) + (2HCO3-)
Q24
Grains 1) bioclast 2) ooid 3) peloid
Matrix 1) micrite 2) sparrite
Q25
1)Shell debri
2) strong wave action and precipitation
3) biograzing/precipitation
Q26
aluminosilicates
Q27
Final weathering products of rock forming minerals. Amphibole ,mica and feldspar in particular.
Q28
Cohesion / "clumping"
Q29
Quartz / feldspars
Q30
Unaltered components of other rocks
Q31
Triangle with mudstone/clay; sandstone/quartz; limestone/calcite at the corners and intermediates along the sides.
Q32
Calcite and silica (dolomite and siderite are other carbonate cements)
Q33
Precipitated from pore waters or pressure dissolution
Q34
Fine = salt; medium = castor sugar; coarse = granulated sugar
Q35
1)Physical - higher latitude, (freeze thaw)
2) Chemical - warm wet tropical, vegetated lowland humic acid in soils - faster reaction rates.
Q36
Mineral
Product
Silicate structure
Olivine
Dissolved ions (Fe2+)
isolated
Pyroxine
Dissolved ions
chains
Amphibole minerals
Dissolved ions and clay minerals
chains / double chains
Mica
Clay minerals
sheets
Feldspar
Clay minerals
sheets
Quartz
Quartz
frame work
Q37
Quartz / clay minerals
Q38
Sorting, grain size, sphericity, roundness, cementation, texture, fabric correlation (matrix), maturity. Grain or matrix supported.
Q39
Texturally and compositionally immature > 15% mud cement by volume.
Q40
Sandstone with > 25% feldspar
Q41
Laminar Cross Bedding - Low
Trough Cross Bedding - High
Herring Bone Cross Bedding - Alternate (tidal)
Q42
i) current assymetric, straight or sinuous curved, steep slope indicates current direction.
ii) wave action. Symetrical, bifurcating
Q43
Calcite, gypsum , anhydrite
Q44
Anhydrite to gypsum - removal of water
Q45
Chert biogenic, silica-sponges (here, though, could be in solution from volcanic activity)
Chalk coccolith plates from plankton.
Greensand quartz shoal sands, glauconite
Q46
Stratigraphic correlation, evolution studies, biological/environmental studies
Q47
Abundant, wide ranging, rapid evolution
Q48
Rapid burial, anoxic - water, particularly marine.
Q49
Depends on what you find
Q50
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