This method produces a quantity of bees with the old
queen which mimics a swarm (and can be treated as such).
It is intended to have a higher proportion of 'Young' or
'nurse bees' than can be achieved by just shaking.
The Taranov Board is named after its inventor, G. F.
Taranov, a Russian beekeeper. This text is partly from an article,
published by him in the Russian magazine "Pchelovdstvo" in
1947... Entitled "The artificial separation of the swarming bees
from the parent colony".
Taranov found the stages leading to swarming were:-
| 1, |
Excess of nurse bees (idle bees which hang together in free spaces). |
|---|
| 2, |
Active swarming bees. |
|---|
| 3, |
Reduction in egg laying. |
|---|
| 4, |
This all leads to an accumulation of swarming bees. |
|---|
| 5, |
Issue of swarm.
|
|---|
The 'swarm' bees may be from one to twenty one days old,
but physiologically they are mainly young bees which have not fed
brood nor secreted wax.
Taranov devised a special hiving board. The standard version
of this uses two sheets of thin ply or even hardboard (masonite)
forming a ramp with the mouth propped open by struts.
A rough, fibrous length of wood about 25 mm square is fixed under
the edge of the top board about 100 mm from the front of the
mouth. This forms a focus for the clustering bees. (Some use a strip
of carpet, folded and stapled so that it forms a ridge.)
The board is placed with the upper lip of the slope
100 mm away from the front edge of the alighting board or
entrance of the original hive and at the same height. A cloth is
placed on the ground, covering the lower portion of the board.
See
hiving a swarm.
The combs are shaken on to the lower end of the board...
Some bees will fall on the cloth. Successive combs are shaken
gradually further and further from the board so that there is an even
thickness of bees on the cloth. The bees walk up the board and on
reaching its top edge, the 'swarm' bees go into the dark region under
the board and cluster, accompanied by the queen. The old
'non-swarming' bees will fly across the 100 mm gap and enter the
hive.
It should go without saying that a comb with one or two
selected queen cell(s) is left to provide a new queen and this comb
must not be shaken or jarred. The bees should be carefully removed by
brushing with a bee brush or goose feather. The split between old and
young bees will still occur as the old ones will fly straight back to
the entrance and the young ones will fall on the cloth and walk with
the others.
A Taranov swarm, just like a natural swarm, will be in good
condition to draw foundation if is fed syrup or there is a good nectar
flow.
The original Taranov method called for the board and swarm
to be suspended by rope, in the shade, for hiving in the evening. I
have never done this myself, I merely put the swarm in a fresh brood
box with drawn comb and perhaps one from the original colony with a
little open brood on it. Providing that the swarm is not hived too
close to the original stand it can be kept in the same apiary. If it
is too close many of the old bees will rejoin their queen which leaves
the queenless part somewhat short of resources and defeats our
original objective.
I have developed another version of this system using a
wedge shaped swarm box (future link).
I sometimes use this method to obtain young bees to stock
mating nucs. However I prefer the
Marburg Swarm Box as it
saves finding the old queen in amongst the young bees.
Some consider this method an easy way to artificially swarm
a stock that has queen cells, but I prefer the conventional method of
Artificial Swarming.
Written... Autumn 2000, Revised... 01 August 2002
