Stepney Folk  

A Miscellany of Malefactors

In 1613 John Hopkinson of St Katherine, victualler was charged with 'tippling'. Presumably the word has the same meaning today. Ellis Prewe, also a victualler of St Katherine was one of his sureties.

On 25 December 1614 Robert Griffin of Lombard Street, draper, gave evidence against Henry Corbet of St Mary Mattfellon otherwise Whitechapel, gentleman, for stealing parcels of holland (linen) cloth and other goods worth 40 pounds from his shop in Fenchurch Street. John Pannell of Ridgewell, Essex, a gentleman, and John Curd of Middleton, Essex, yeoman stood as surety that Henry would appear when called.

On the 11th January 1614/15 Robert Whitacres of Whitechapel, a gentleman draper, was before the court and Edward Wheler of London, a linen draper and Daniel Lancaster, a victualler of Rosemary Lane appeared for Robert and Dusabel Harmon, wife of Harmon, a mariner of Wapping and were ordered to keep the peace towards Thomas Corbett of St Katherine's, a tailor.

Joan Reynolds of Hackney, spinster appeared at sessions on 12 January 1614/15 and was charged for stealing a smock worth 5d. She was found guilty to the value of 11d and having no goods to pay this fine was ordered to be whipped.

On the 16th of the same month Thomas Pickerell and William Cowse, brewer of St Katherine next the Tower, appeared before the court for Thomas to keep the peace and for beating Richard Corbett a gardener of Hackney and Robert Richmond, victualler, also of St Katherine's appeared on behalf of William.

At the Middlesex Sessions held on 11 and 12 of April 1616 Richard Seelye (Seele) of Hackney was indicted for breaking into the house of William Russell at Hackney at about 10 am and stealing a woman's gown worth 30s, a doublet worth 10s, a hat worth 6s, nine pewter dishes worth 26s, one basin worth 2s, one ewer worth 12d, one bottle worth 6d, six saucers worth 12d and a blanket. One wonders how he managed to carry all these items. Perhaps he wrapped them up in the blanket. He was found guilty and having no goods was sent to be hanged.

In the September 1616 William Hollingworth of Hackney, Thomas Darby (Darbie) of Bethnal Green and John Payne of Holywell Street appeared for stealing 3 heifers each worth 46s 3d belonging to John Grubb of West Ham, Essex from Hackney where he kept them. Darby was also accused of stealing a red heifer worth 50s. All were found guilty and having no goods asked to read the book (the Bible) and being able to read were sent to receive the punishment of branding.

John Tippinge a butcher of Wapping had his house broken into at 1 o'clock in the morning in the September of 1616 and had a hog worth 40s, a side of veal worth 10s, a loin of veal worth 2s 6d, two knives worth 12d and three joints of pork worth 18d stolen. The miscreant was found not guilty of burglary but guilty of felony. He had no goods and asked to read the book but could not do so and was sent to be hanged.

During the eighteenth century a coal merchant tried to sell 5 bushels of coal in Billingsgate, saying there were 8 bushels. He left everything behind and did not wait for payment, taking to his heels. He ran from Billingsgate to Wapping to escape an irate housewife who threatened to report him to the Lord Mayor.

ROBBERY DURING A GREAT STORM
On the 26 and 27 November 1703 there was a great storm which was probably the worst recorded in the history of the British Isles and shipping in the Thames was badly damaged. During the storm a gang of rogues broke into a house at Poplar and stole the belongings of the terrified occupants, who shouted "thieves" and "fire" but to no avail for no one came to their aid.

JOHN GORDON, PICKPOCKET
John Gordon was the son of a Ratcliff cordwainer who took to picking pockets for a living. In 1712 he was in the workhouse, so he could not have been a very good one, when it was discovered he had stolen 4 lbs of plum pudding from the store-room.

VIOLENT ASSAULT AT FUNERAL
In the Daily Courant dated 30 September 1713 appeared the following advertisement.
'Riots and Robberies. Committed in and about Stepney Church Yard, at a Funeral Solemnity, on Wednesday the 23rd day of September; whereas many Persons, who being appointed to attend the same Funeral with white Wax lights of considerable Value, were assaulted in a most violent manner, and the said white Wax lights taken from them. Whoever shall discover any of the Persons, guilty of the said Crimes, so as they may be convicted of the same, shall receive of Mr
William Prince, Wax Chandler in the Poultry, London, Ten shillings for each person so discovered.'

The following are from: www.oldbaileyonline.org (This is an excellent website - these few are just a few examples of what the website holds - go there and make a search for yourself.)

Proceedings at Old Bailey 22 February 1716: John Sparrow , and Sarah Sparrow , of the Parish of St. Dunstans at Stepney, were indicted for feloniously stealing 12 Yards of blue Ribbon, value 12 s. 1 Suit of Headcloths, several Yards of Lace, a Mocon Stone set in Gold, and other Goods, from Martha Hudson , on the 16th of Jan.last. Mrs. Hudson depos'd, That having lost the goods abovementioned, she had informed her. Acquaintance of it, and in a little Time some of the Goods came to a Friend of hers to be made up who thereupon inform'd her of the Prisoner whole House was searched, and other Goods were found in it that belonged to the Prosecutor, but the Man jumped out at Window, however he was pursued, and at last taken with the said Macok Stone in his Pocket. The women had the Headcloths mentioned in the Indictment upon her, and other Goods belonging to the Prosecutor. There was also found a Chiffel coloured with Brickdust, a Gimlet, and a Dark lanthorn in the same Room. The Prisoners denied the Fact; the Man saying he had them of his Wife, and she, that she bought them of a Woman, whose Bussiness it was to buy and sell about Streets, as her self used to do but could not prove it; upon the Whole, the Jury found the Woman Guilty of Felony, but acquitted the Man.

Proceedings at Old Bailey 22 February 1716: Robert Hayes of the Parish of St. Dunstan Stepney was indicted for breaking the Dwelling house of John Triquerne, on the 9th of Feb last, and stealing thence 43 Pound Weight of TinValue 100 l. When the Prisoner was taken, he confess'd the fact which being fully proved upon him by the Evidence the Court the Jury found him Guilty.
From URL: www.oldbaileyonline.org (Excellent website)

Proceedings at Old Bailey 22 February 1716:Thomas Hunter alias Thorpe, John Onion, John Wilkinson, Elizabeth Payne alias Cotterell alias Scott, Elizabeth Askit and Christine Styles, of the Parish of St. Mary Whitechappel, were indicted the Men as Principals, in breaking the House of Edward Juby in the Night-time, and stealing thence 120 Hats, Value 50 l. and other Goods; and the Women as Accessories in receiving the same, knowing them to be stole. One Marshal, who was concerned in the Fact, made himself an Evidence that Hunter, Onton, and Wilkinson, were with him and took away the Goods, and that Payne bought several of them for 1s. 6d. a piece, and knew where they had stole them. There were a great many circumstances to .which but weakly affected Ascit and Styles, who were acquitted, but the other Prisoners were all found guilty of the indictment.
From URL: www.oldbaileyonline.org (Excellent website)

Thomas Hunter alias Thorpe, Elizabeth Payne alias Cotterell, alias Scott, Elizabeth Askit and Christine Styles of St. Paul Shadwell were a second time indicted for breaking open the Dwelling-house of Thomas Bayly in the Night-time, and taking thence thence of 80 Yards of Checque Linnen, Value 8 l. 22 Pair of Stockings 5 l. several Handkerchiefs, Drawers, Shirts, Pieces of Muslin, and other Linnen, on the 10th of Jan. last. Hunter was taken with some of the Goods upon his back; and Marshal swore he was concern'd with him in the Fact, and that Payne bought the stockings for and was privy to the Robbery. Given the whole evidence, the Jury found Hunter Guilty of Burglary, Payne of Felony, and acquitted the other two.
From URL: www.oldbaileyonline.org (Excellent website)

Proceedings at Old Bailey before Sir James Bateman, Wednesday 1st May 1717: Thomas Spooner of St Mary, Whitechapel, was indicted for feloniously stealing 9 ducks and 5 geese , out of the stable of Thomas Bigs, the 20th of October last. The Prosecutor deposed, he lost the fowls out of his stable and found them in the Prisoner's house. The Prisoner pretended he had bought them coming from Kensington. It appeared the Prisoner was the Prosecutor's son-in-law, and used to make bold with his father-in-law's goods, as well as other peoples. Whereupon the Jury found him guilty to the value of 10d.
From URL:
www.oldbaileyonline.org (Excellent website)

Proceedings at Old Bailey before Sir James Bateman, Wednesday 1st May 1717: Elizabeth Knolls , alias Derrick, alias Duscoby, of the parish of St. Dunstan's Stepney, was indicted for picking the Pocket of Francis Longepee of 10 Guineas, the 25th of April last. The Prosecutor depos'd, That having been at Limehouse, and coming home, near Stepney, the Prisoner fell into his company, and pretended she wanted to buy gold-colour'd Silk, which he, being a Weaver, was willing to sell her; That she came with him near his own house, and then he bid her go into a neighbouring Ale-house and he would go fetch her gold-colour'd Silk; whereupon he went home and put a purse with 20 Guineas into his Wast-coat pocket, but did not go to the Ale-house to show it her, but sent his boy for her to come home to see it; That she being with him in the Chamber, took his Purse out of his pocket, and taking out a Guinea bid the Boy fetch a bottle of Cyder and a quartern of Brandy, and then put his Purse again into his pocket; that afterwards examining his Purse, expecting to find the remaining 19 Guineas, he found but 9. Whereupon he sent for a Constable to apprehend her, but in the interim she desir'd to go to do her Occasions, and before the Officer came made an Elopement. The Prosecutor's Boy depos'd, That his master came home at the time beforementioned, and put the bag of Guineas into his pocket, and seat him to the Sugar Loaf in Coverlays Fields to call the Prisoner to him; that she was admitted into his chamber, and there was very familiar with his Master, taking his Purse out of his pocket, and thence a Guinea, bidding him fench a bottle of Cyder and a quartern of Brandy; which he refusing to do, and not willing to go out of the room and leave them together, because he said he suspected her to be a very ill person, and his master not to be very capable, therefore he would not go out of the room; so the Liquors were fetch'd by another. And that the Prisoner desir'd his absence, threating that if he offer'd to speak a word against their Conversation she would kill him upon the spot. And that when his mistress came in, he inform'd her what sort of a Companion his master had gotten with him; whereupon she went in and interrupted their Conversation, and examining her Husband's purs missed 10 Guineas. The Prisoner in defence gave an account of the matter to this purpose: That as she was selling Oranges the Prosecutor bought a dozen of her, giving her a, Shilling for them; that he liked his bargain and her so well, that he carried her to a Publick house, and treated her and another Woman very generously with Beer, Cyder and Brandy; staying out all night, that they were at several places, and particularly at Stepney; that he was very sweet upon her, courting her, telling her he was a single Man, importuning her to go home with him and be his Housekeeper; that she was prevail'd upon by his Importunity and fair Offers: At length he sent for a Coach, and making use of that conveniency, convey'd her into Coverlays Fields near his own house, gave her money to go into the Sugar Loaf Ale-house to stay there till she heard further from him. Accordingly she attended at the Ale-house as he directed, till his Servant came to call her home, whither she went, was well receiv'd, and kindly admitted into his Chamber. That the former civilities were repeated; he puiling out a Guinea and sending for a bottle of Cyder and quartern of Brandy, showing her his cupboard of plate: and that while she was pleasing her self with the thoughts of what she was brought to be mistress of, the Prosecutor's Wife, to her great surprize, came in, and made such a noise in her Ears, that she not sustaining the storm any longer, got away as soon as she could, to her no small mortification at the great Disappointment she had met with, incoming to a Nest so well feather'd. The Court putting the question home to the Prosecutor, whether in truth he did not pick up the Prisoner? he frankly acknowledg'd he did pick her up, but not to pick his Pocket. But was answer'd, that considering the Years he always bore abroad, and that he had a Wife at home, him loss of 10 Guineas (were they lost) was not too great a punishment for his scandalous Practices, tho' that would not excuse her could the Felony be proved upon her. Tho' there was one thing remarkable, that she treated the Prosecutor with a modesry unusual to such Practitioners, in that she took no more than 10 Guineas out of 20, when they commonly take all if they can get it, and only leave their Cully the rest. It plainly appearing the Prosecutor was so very much in drink that he might possibly mistake as to the number of his Guineas, the Jury acquitted her.
From URL: www.oldbaileyonline.org (Excellent website)

Proceedings at Old Bailey before Sir James Bateman, Wednesday 1st May 1717: Richard Reynolds, of St. Dunstan's Stepney, was indicted for feloniously stealing 10 Rings, value 50 s.23 Guineas,6 Broad Pieces of Gold, and other Mony, out of the Dwelling-house of Richard Hubbard, the 7th of December last. The Prosecutor depos'd, That the Prisoner being a Carpenter, was employed to help her remove; had taken the Money out of a private place in the Floor under the bed: That having a Search-Warrant she found two of her Rings on his Wife's finger, and one in a Chest of Draws, and a remarkable Silver penny, all which she swore to be hers; but as for other Mony she did not swear to that. The Prisoner deny'd the Fact, and several appear'd who gave him a good Character, so that 'tis probable it was his first Fact: but it appear'd he had before made some Acknowledgment. The Jury found him guilty to the value of 4 s.10 d.

Proceedings at Old Bailey before Sir James Bateman, Wednesday 1st May 1717: Martha Sutton , and John Webb , of St. Mary Whitechappel, were indicted for privately stealing 11 Yards of Callico val.24 s. out of the shop of William Austin , the 12th of March last. The Evidence depos'd, That the Prisoners came to his shop under pretence of buying a Night-gown, and took the opportunity of taking the Calliko and went away; that they missing it called the Prisoners back, and saw it drop from under Sutton's Ridinghood. John Webb pleaded he went to buy a Gown for his Wife, who was sick, and took Sutton with him, but knew nothing of her taking the Callico. It was not proved he was privy to her taking it, so he was acquitted: but the matter being plain as to Dutton she was found guilty to the value of 10 d.
The fprevious were from: www.oldbaileyonline.org (This is an excellent website - these few are just a few examples of what the website holds - go there and make a search for yourself.)

JOHN MEFF, A HUGUENOT WEAVER'S SON
John Meffs was a Londoner. He was the son of a French Huguenot gardener who worked in Amsterdam. He served as an apprentice to a weaver and when he was unable to support his family (he married twice) he turned to thieveing. He was sentenced to be transported to America but on the way the ship was taken by pirates. Most of the others on the ship signed pirate articles (joined the pirates) and these included Ann Bonner and Mary Read who were later to become infamous. Heffs refused and was cast ashore on a desert island. He made his was to the mainland and eventually boarded a ship which returned him to England. Eventually he was captured after betrayal by Jack Wild and was hung in 1721 aged 40.

JOHN LANCASTER HUNG FOR THEFT 1726
John Lancaster was born in 1726 in Black Lion Yard, Whitechapel. He was apprenticed to a velvet weaver and educated at a new Methodist charity school at the Foundry. He spent spare time in the Skittle Grounds and the ale houses. During Bartholomew's Fair he stole some pieces of velvet and ran off to sea. He returned to Spitalfields some years later and with another journeyman robbed his master of 19 yards of velvet. These he sold in Houndsditch but he was caught and sentenced to be hung. His former Methodist teacher, Sarah Peters, visited him in Newgate Prison and converted him before he was hung. The surgeons took his body but it was saved and given to his mother for burial.

SENTENCED TO STAND IN THE PILLORY
1728 16 October 26th
Isaac Milton was sentenced to stand in the Pillory at White-Chapel Bars, and fined five Nobles, for Sodomitical Practices. (Universal Spectator)

GEORGE SNELL OF SHADWELL
He was acquitted of burglary in February 1730 after he 'call'd a great many of the neighbourhood, who gave him a very good character'.

PATRICK KNOWLAND
In December 1731
Patrick Knowland, a Dublin tailor, his son and son-in-law, a Dublin house-painter, who lived in Whitechapel, were hung for stealing. Patrick stole three bedsheets and 15 napkins and his son-in-law a coat, stays and breeches. Patrick's wife and daughter were imprisoned in Newgate.

ATTACKED BY FOOTPADS
In the neighbourhood of the Salmon and Ball Inn two gentlemen travelling by coach on 4 November 1740 were robbed by three footpads. The following year
Captain Henry Fowler and two ladies were also held up.

In 1751 John Drinkwater, an hour glass maker, was hung and his body buried at St George's in The East. He had been imprisoned at Newgate.

A SHOULDER OF MUTTON
In 1752
Ann Flynn stole a shoulder of mutton from a Whitechapel butcher's stall. She was tried at the Old Bailey after 5 weeks in prison. Her offence warranted hanging but she said her husband had been ill for 12 weeks and she had two infants as well. She was found guilty but mercy was shown her and she was fined one shilling and discharged.
The shoulder of mutton was taken by the constable (who was no doubt in greater need than Ann) and cooked as a meal for his family.

BAWDY HOUSES
1753 'Yesterday at Hicks' Hall in St. John's Street, before the Bench of Justices, four Persons were tried for keeping disorderly and common Bawdy Houses, in the Parish of St. Mary, Whitechapel, and convicted of the same. One
Mary Cunningham was sentenced to stand in or upon the Pillory once within three Months, for two Hours, and to be imprisoned in Newgate for one Year; two others are to be pilloried, and confin'd in Newgate six Months, and each to pay 1 s. Fine; the fourth for keeping a disorderly common Lodging-House, to be confined in Bridewell for one Month. Two, convicted last Sessions of keeping notorious Bawdy-Houses, were sentenced to stand in the Pillory on Monday next, in Ayliff-Street, Goodman's Fields.'

DISORDERLY WOMEN
St Dunstan's churchyard was a place, which by its very position, encouraged idle and disorderly people and the churchwardens were ordered to take up 'disorderly women loitering there in daytime.' One such was
Sarah Richards who was sent to Bridewell in 1757.

MURDER OF BASTARD CHILD
1759 Thursday
Elizabeth Warner, otherwise Betty, was committed to Newgate, on the Coroner's inquisition, for the murder of her bastard child, at the Man in the Moon, in Whitechapel.

CORNELIUS SAUNDERS HUNG 1763
The Annual Register for 1763 says that for many years it was the custom to dump the bodies of the executed deceased on the doorsteps of those who had been instrumental with the demise. Cornelius Saunders arrived in London in 1740 aged 10 years and lived at Lamb Street, Spitalfields as a domestic servant for
Mrs White, victualler. He went to the gallows was hung in 1763 for stealing a purse containing £50 from her.
The body was taken to Mrs White's house and the mob who gathered to see the event objected to so harsh a punishment and broke into her house, sacked it and carried her belongings out into the street where they burnt everything.

LOSS OF LIFE IN BAD HOUSE
1763 Yesterday morning early a seafaring man was found murdered in Church-lane, near the Mulbury Garden, Stepney. It is thought he lost his life in a bad house in that neighbourhood. He had a great gash in his throat, and a great hole in his belly. It is said he received £107 on Saturday last.

HIGHWAY ROBBERY & HORSE STEALING
December 1763 The sessions ended at the Old Bailey, when six convicts received sentence of death, viz.
John Brannon for a highway robbery; John Edenburgh, a Black, for horse stealing; Joseph Jervis for burglareously breaking a house; Ch. Riley, Mary Robinson, and Mary Williams, for robbing a young sailor of his prize-money; the two women first pulled him to a house at Salt-petre-bank, but not being strong enough to rob him, they call'd in Riley, who with a naked knife, threatened to cut out his liver if he did not deliver the money. (Gentleman's Magazine)

A NOTORIOUS BAWDY HOUSE
1765 On Saturday last
Mary Walpole, for keeping a notorious Bawdy-House in Church-Lane, White-Chapel, was sentenced, at Hicks's-Hall, to suffer one Year's Imprisonment, and to stand in the Pillory twice during that Time, once at the Maypole in East Smithfield, and again at the Corner of Back-Lane, White-Chapel.

GEORGE CANT
George Cant was the 40 year old publican of the Windsor Castle public house in Holborn. A young woman, Jane Bolland lived with her brother at Solomon Terrace in St George in the East and on 30 September 1839 she went to live at the Windsor Castle. Joseph Edward was another who slept at the pub, Thomas Shipton was a pot-boy and Mrs Sarah Goodchild a washerwoman.
On the night of 3-4 October she was taken ill and was helped to bed by
Jane Hollier. Jane Bolland later accused Cant of rape. Cant was found guilty and was transported.
(Bibliography: The New Newgate Calendar - The Folio Society)

ELEPHANT STAIRS
In 1858 two lightermen brothers,
Tom and Charlie Turnbull, stole two barges containing lac dye and cases of wine. They took the barges to Elephant Stairs and were met by a carter. The brothers each received 18 months hard labour.
(Bibliography: Anchor and Hope by Jo Anderson.)

MAYHEW'S MALEFACTORS
According to Henry Mayhew (mid 19th century), who was taken on a tour of the area, Ship Alley was full of foreign lodging houses. Frederick St was full of brothels as was Brunswick St, known generally as 'Tiger Bay' which additionally also had 'thieves lodging houses'.

In Shadwell the most notorious houses were The White Swan, (commonly called Paddy's Goose) and in the High St The Three Crowns and The Grapes. Bluegate Fields, he continued, was 'nothing more or less than a den of thieves and ruffians of the lowest description'.

He described Spitalfields as 'one of the most notorious rookeries in the metropolis'. This area comprised a space of about 400 square yards and was bounded by Church St, Whitechapel, East Brick Lane and West Commercial St and 'contains 800 thieves, vagabonds, beggars and prostitutes' many of whom came from the extinct Essex St and Old Rose Lane.

Going up an alley called George Yard, he found four brothels. Proceeding further he found several lodging houses. Near Union St he 'came to one of the most dangerous thieves' dens' he had ever visited. Leaving there he proceeded along Fashion St and through a skittle-ground entered a public house and another gang of thieves, many of whom were, he said, pickpockets.

Mayhew goes on to describe his journey along Church Lane, Wentworth St, George St, Thrall St, Church St. To Lower Keat St, Lower George St, Flower and Dean St.
Those who lived in low lodging houses in Whitechapel, Wapping, Ratcliffe Highway and analogous districts were prolific in the production of these infamies (prostitution and vice). St George's in the East abounds with them (lodging houses). Mayhew had much to say about the varieties of criminal at large. Thieves and swindlers, beggars and cheats, sneak and common thieves, pickpockets and shoplifters, highway robbers, housebreakers, burglars, smugglers, receivers, coiners, embezzlers, card sharps. Rosemary and Petticoat Lane were streets where stolen clothes could be bought and sold. Brick Lane and Halfmoon Passage, Union Street, Spitalfields were also 'receivers' areas.