A Miscellany of Malefactors
In 1613 John Hopkinson of St Katherine, victualler was
charged with 'tippling'. Presumably the word has the same
meaning today. Ellis Prewe, also a victualler of St Katherine was one
of his sureties.
On 25 December 1614 Robert Griffin of Lombard Street, draper, gave
evidence against Henry Corbet of St Mary Mattfellon otherwise
Whitechapel, gentleman, for stealing parcels of holland
(linen) cloth and other goods worth 40 pounds from his
shop in Fenchurch Street. John Pannell of Ridgewell, Essex, a gentleman, and John Curd of Middleton, Essex, yeoman stood
as surety that Henry would appear when called.
On the 11th January
1614/15 Robert Whitacres of Whitechapel, a gentleman draper, was
before the court and Edward Wheler of London, a linen draper and Daniel Lancaster, a victualler of Rosemary Lane
appeared for Robert and Dusabel Harmon, wife of Harmon, a mariner of
Wapping and were ordered to keep the peace towards Thomas Corbett of St Katherine's, a tailor.
Joan
Reynolds of
Hackney, spinster appeared at sessions on 12 January
1614/15 and was charged for stealing a smock worth 5d.
She was found guilty to the value of 11d and having no
goods to pay this fine was ordered to be whipped.
On the 16th of the same
month Thomas
Pickerell and William Cowse, brewer of St Katherine next the
Tower, appeared before the court for Thomas to keep the
peace and for beating Richard Corbett a gardener of Hackney and Robert Richmond, victualler, also of St
Katherine's appeared on behalf of William.
At the Middlesex Sessions
held on 11 and 12 of April 1616 Richard Seelye (Seele) of Hackney was indicted
for breaking into the house of William Russell at Hackney at about 10 am and
stealing a woman's gown worth 30s, a doublet worth 10s, a
hat worth 6s, nine pewter dishes worth 26s, one basin
worth 2s, one ewer worth 12d, one bottle worth 6d, six
saucers worth 12d and a blanket. One wonders how he
managed to carry all these items. Perhaps he wrapped them
up in the blanket. He was found guilty and having no
goods was sent to be hanged.
In the September 1616 William
Hollingworth of
Hackney, Thomas Darby (Darbie) of Bethnal Green and John Payne of Holywell Street appeared for
stealing 3 heifers each worth 46s 3d belonging to John Grubb of West Ham, Essex from Hackney
where he kept them. Darby was also accused of stealing a
red heifer worth 50s. All were found guilty and having no
goods asked to read the book (the Bible) and being able
to read were sent to receive the punishment of branding.
John
Tippinge a butcher of
Wapping had his house broken into at 1 o'clock in the
morning in the September of 1616 and had a hog worth 40s,
a side of veal worth 10s, a loin of veal worth 2s 6d, two
knives worth 12d and three joints of pork worth 18d
stolen. The miscreant was found not guilty of burglary
but guilty of felony. He had no goods and asked to read
the book but could not do so and was sent to be hanged.
During the eighteenth
century a coal merchant tried to sell 5 bushels of coal
in Billingsgate, saying there were 8 bushels. He left
everything behind and did not wait for payment, taking to
his heels. He ran from Billingsgate to Wapping to escape
an irate housewife who threatened to report him to the
Lord Mayor.
ROBBERY
DURING A GREAT STORM
On the 26 and 27 November 1703 there was a great storm
which was probably the worst recorded in the history of
the British Isles and shipping in the Thames was badly
damaged. During the storm a gang of rogues broke into a
house at Poplar and stole the belongings of the terrified
occupants, who shouted "thieves" and
"fire" but to no avail for no one came to their
aid.
JOHN
GORDON, PICKPOCKET
John
Gordon was the son of
a Ratcliff cordwainer who took to picking pockets for a
living. In 1712 he was in the workhouse, so he could not
have been a very good one, when it was discovered he had
stolen 4 lbs of plum pudding from the store-room.
VIOLENT ASSAULT AT FUNERAL
In the Daily Courant dated 30 September 1713 appeared the
following advertisement.
'Riots and Robberies. Committed in and about Stepney
Church Yard, at a Funeral Solemnity, on Wednesday the
23rd day of September; whereas many Persons, who being
appointed to attend the same Funeral with white Wax
lights of considerable Value, were assaulted in a most
violent manner, and the said white Wax lights taken from
them. Whoever shall discover any of the Persons, guilty
of the said Crimes, so as they may be convicted of the
same, shall receive of Mr William Prince, Wax Chandler in the Poultry,
London, Ten shillings for each person so discovered.'
The following are from: www.oldbaileyonline.org (This is an excellent website -
these few are just a few examples of what the website
holds - go there and make a search for yourself.)
Proceedings at Old Bailey
22 February 1716: John Sparrow , and
Sarah Sparrow , of the Parish of St. Dunstans at Stepney,
were indicted for feloniously stealing 12 Yards of blue
Ribbon, value 12 s. 1 Suit of Headcloths, several Yards
of Lace, a Mocon Stone set in Gold, and other Goods, from
Martha Hudson , on the 16th of Jan.last. Mrs. Hudson
depos'd, That having lost the goods abovementioned, she
had informed her. Acquaintance of it, and in a little
Time some of the Goods came to a Friend of hers to be
made up who thereupon inform'd her of the Prisoner whole
House was searched, and other Goods were found in it that
belonged to the Prosecutor, but the Man jumped out at
Window, however he was pursued, and at last taken with
the said Macok Stone in his Pocket. The women had the
Headcloths mentioned in the Indictment upon her, and
other Goods belonging to the Prosecutor. There was also
found a Chiffel coloured with Brickdust, a Gimlet, and a
Dark lanthorn in the same Room. The Prisoners denied the
Fact; the Man saying he had them of his Wife, and she,
that she bought them of a Woman, whose Bussiness it was
to buy and sell about Streets, as her self used to do but
could not prove it; upon the Whole, the Jury found the
Woman Guilty of Felony, but acquitted the Man.
Proceedings at Old Bailey
22 February 1716: Robert Hayes of
the Parish of St. Dunstan Stepney was indicted for
breaking the Dwelling house of John Triquerne, on the 9th of Feb last, and stealing
thence 43 Pound Weight of TinValue 100 l. When the
Prisoner was taken, he confess'd the fact which being
fully proved upon him by the Evidence the Court the Jury
found him Guilty.
From URL: www.oldbaileyonline.org (Excellent website)
Proceedings at Old Bailey
22 February 1716:Thomas Hunter alias Thorpe, John
Onion, John Wilkinson, Elizabeth
Payne alias Cotterell alias Scott, Elizabeth
Askit and Christine Styles, of the Parish of St. Mary Whitechappel,
were indicted the Men as Principals, in breaking the
House of Edward
Juby in the Night-time, and
stealing thence 120 Hats, Value 50 l. and other Goods;
and the Women as Accessories in receiving the same,
knowing them to be stole. One Marshal, who was concerned
in the Fact, made himself an Evidence that Hunter, Onton,
and Wilkinson, were with him and took away the Goods, and
that Payne bought several of them for 1s. 6d. a piece,
and knew where they had stole them. There were a great
many circumstances to .which but weakly affected Ascit
and Styles, who were acquitted, but the other Prisoners
were all found guilty of the indictment.
From URL: www.oldbaileyonline.org (Excellent website)
Thomas Hunter alias Thorpe,
Elizabeth Payne alias Cotterell, alias Scott, Elizabeth
Askit and Christine Styles of St. Paul Shadwell were a
second time indicted for breaking open the Dwelling-house
of Thomas Bayly
in the Night-time, and taking
thence thence of 80 Yards of Checque Linnen, Value 8 l.
22 Pair of Stockings 5 l. several Handkerchiefs, Drawers,
Shirts, Pieces of Muslin, and other Linnen, on the 10th
of Jan. last. Hunter was taken with some of the Goods
upon his back; and Marshal swore he was concern'd with
him in the Fact, and that Payne bought the stockings for
and was privy to the Robbery. Given the whole evidence,
the Jury found Hunter Guilty of Burglary, Payne of
Felony, and acquitted the other two.
From URL: www.oldbaileyonline.org (Excellent website)
Proceedings at Old Bailey
before Sir James Bateman, Wednesday 1st May 1717: Thomas Spooner of St Mary, Whitechapel, was
indicted for feloniously stealing 9 ducks and 5 geese ,
out of the stable of Thomas Bigs, the 20th of October last. The Prosecutor
deposed, he lost the fowls out of his stable and found
them in the Prisoner's house. The Prisoner pretended he
had bought them coming from Kensington. It appeared the
Prisoner was the Prosecutor's son-in-law, and used to
make bold with his father-in-law's goods, as well as
other peoples. Whereupon the Jury found him guilty to the
value of 10d.
From URL: www.oldbaileyonline.org (Excellent website)
Proceedings at Old Bailey
before Sir James Bateman, Wednesday 1st May 1717: Elizabeth Knolls , alias
Derrick, alias Duscoby, of the
parish of St. Dunstan's Stepney, was indicted for picking
the Pocket of Francis
Longepee of 10 Guineas, the
25th of April last. The Prosecutor depos'd, That having
been at Limehouse, and coming home, near Stepney, the
Prisoner fell into his company, and pretended she wanted
to buy gold-colour'd Silk, which he, being a Weaver, was
willing to sell her; That she came with him near his own
house, and then he bid her go into a neighbouring
Ale-house and he would go fetch her gold-colour'd Silk;
whereupon he went home and put a purse with 20 Guineas
into his Wast-coat pocket, but did not go to the
Ale-house to show it her, but sent his boy for her to
come home to see it; That she being with him in the
Chamber, took his Purse out of his pocket, and taking out
a Guinea bid the Boy fetch a bottle of Cyder and a
quartern of Brandy, and then put his Purse again into his
pocket; that afterwards examining his Purse, expecting to
find the remaining 19 Guineas, he found but 9. Whereupon
he sent for a Constable to apprehend her, but in the
interim she desir'd to go to do her Occasions, and before
the Officer came made an Elopement. The Prosecutor's Boy
depos'd, That his master came home at the time
beforementioned, and put the bag of Guineas into his
pocket, and seat him to the Sugar Loaf in Coverlays
Fields to call the Prisoner to him; that she was admitted
into his chamber, and there was very familiar with his
Master, taking his Purse out of his pocket, and thence a
Guinea, bidding him fench a bottle of Cyder and a
quartern of Brandy; which he refusing to do, and not
willing to go out of the room and leave them together,
because he said he suspected her to be a very ill person,
and his master not to be very capable, therefore he would
not go out of the room; so the Liquors were fetch'd by
another. And that the Prisoner desir'd his absence,
threating that if he offer'd to speak a word against
their Conversation she would kill him upon the spot. And
that when his mistress came in, he inform'd her what sort
of a Companion his master had gotten with him; whereupon
she went in and interrupted their Conversation, and
examining her Husband's purs missed 10 Guineas. The
Prisoner in defence gave an account of the matter to this
purpose: That as she was selling Oranges the Prosecutor
bought a dozen of her, giving her a, Shilling for them;
that he liked his bargain and her so well, that he
carried her to a Publick house, and treated her and
another Woman very generously with Beer, Cyder and
Brandy; staying out all night, that they were at several
places, and particularly at Stepney; that he was very
sweet upon her, courting her, telling her he was a single
Man, importuning her to go home with him and be his
Housekeeper; that she was prevail'd upon by his
Importunity and fair Offers: At length he sent for a
Coach, and making use of that conveniency, convey'd her
into Coverlays Fields near his own house, gave her money
to go into the Sugar Loaf Ale-house to stay there till
she heard further from him. Accordingly she attended at
the Ale-house as he directed, till his Servant came to
call her home, whither she went, was well receiv'd, and
kindly admitted into his Chamber. That the former
civilities were repeated; he puiling out a Guinea and
sending for a bottle of Cyder and quartern of Brandy,
showing her his cupboard of plate: and that while she was
pleasing her self with the thoughts of what she was
brought to be mistress of, the Prosecutor's Wife, to her
great surprize, came in, and made such a noise in her
Ears, that she not sustaining the storm any longer, got
away as soon as she could, to her no small mortification
at the great Disappointment she had met with, incoming to
a Nest so well feather'd. The Court putting the question
home to the Prosecutor, whether in truth he did not pick
up the Prisoner? he frankly acknowledg'd he did pick her
up, but not to pick his Pocket. But was answer'd, that
considering the Years he always bore abroad, and that he
had a Wife at home, him loss of 10 Guineas (were they
lost) was not too great a punishment for his scandalous
Practices, tho' that would not excuse her could the
Felony be proved upon her. Tho' there was one thing
remarkable, that she treated the Prosecutor with a
modesry unusual to such Practitioners, in that she took
no more than 10 Guineas out of 20, when they commonly
take all if they can get it, and only leave their Cully
the rest. It plainly appearing the Prosecutor was so very
much in drink that he might possibly mistake as to the
number of his Guineas, the Jury acquitted her.
From URL: www.oldbaileyonline.org (Excellent website)
Proceedings at Old Bailey
before Sir James Bateman, Wednesday 1st May 1717: Richard Reynolds, of St. Dunstan's Stepney, was indicted for
feloniously stealing 10 Rings, value 50 s.23 Guineas,6
Broad Pieces of Gold, and other Mony, out of the
Dwelling-house of Richard Hubbard,
the 7th of December last. The Prosecutor depos'd, That
the Prisoner being a Carpenter, was employed to help her
remove; had taken the Money out of a private place in the
Floor under the bed: That having a Search-Warrant she
found two of her Rings on his Wife's finger, and one in a
Chest of Draws, and a remarkable Silver penny, all which
she swore to be hers; but as for other Mony she did not
swear to that. The Prisoner deny'd the Fact, and several
appear'd who gave him a good Character, so that 'tis
probable it was his first Fact: but it appear'd he had
before made some Acknowledgment. The Jury found him
guilty to the value of 4 s.10 d.
Proceedings at Old Bailey
before Sir James Bateman, Wednesday 1st May 1717: Martha Sutton , and John Webb , of St.
Mary Whitechappel, were indicted for privately stealing
11 Yards of Callico val.24 s. out of the shop of William Austin , the 12th of March last. The Evidence
depos'd, That the Prisoners came to his shop under
pretence of buying a Night-gown, and took the opportunity
of taking the Calliko and went away; that they missing it
called the Prisoners back, and saw it drop from under
Sutton's Ridinghood. John Webb pleaded he went to buy a
Gown for his Wife, who was sick, and took Sutton with
him, but knew nothing of her taking the Callico. It was
not proved he was privy to her taking it, so he was
acquitted: but the matter being plain as to Dutton she
was found guilty to the value of 10 d.
The fprevious were
from: www.oldbaileyonline.org (This is an excellent website -
these few are just a few examples of what the website
holds - go there and make a search for yourself.)
JOHN MEFF, A HUGUENOT WEAVER'S SON
John
Meffs was a Londoner.
He was the son of a French Huguenot gardener who worked
in Amsterdam. He served as an apprentice to a weaver and
when he was unable to support his family (he married
twice) he turned to thieveing. He was sentenced to be
transported to America but on the way the ship was taken
by pirates. Most of the others on the ship signed pirate
articles (joined the pirates) and these included Ann
Bonner and Mary Read who were later to become infamous.
Heffs refused and was cast ashore on a desert island. He
made his was to the mainland and eventually boarded a
ship which returned him to England. Eventually he was
captured after betrayal by Jack Wild and was hung in 1721
aged 40.
JOHN
LANCASTER HUNG FOR
THEFT 1726
John
Lancaster was born in
1726 in Black Lion Yard, Whitechapel. He was apprenticed
to a velvet weaver and educated at a new Methodist
charity school at the Foundry. He spent spare time in the
Skittle Grounds and the ale houses. During Bartholomew's
Fair he stole some pieces of velvet and ran off to sea.
He returned to Spitalfields some years later and with
another journeyman robbed his master of 19 yards of
velvet. These he sold in Houndsditch but he was caught
and sentenced to be hung. His former Methodist teacher, Sarah Peters, visited him in Newgate Prison and
converted him before he was hung. The surgeons took his
body but it was saved and given to his mother for burial.
SENTENCED TO STAND IN THE PILLORY
1728 16 October 26th Isaac Milton was
sentenced to stand in the Pillory at White-Chapel Bars,
and fined five Nobles, for Sodomitical Practices.
(Universal Spectator)
GEORGE
SNELL OF SHADWELL
He was
acquitted of burglary in February 1730 after he 'call'd
a great many of the neighbourhood, who gave him a very
good character'.
PATRICK
KNOWLAND
In December 1731 Patrick Knowland, a Dublin tailor, his son and son-in-law, a
Dublin house-painter, who lived in Whitechapel, were hung
for stealing. Patrick stole three bedsheets and 15
napkins and his son-in-law a coat, stays and breeches.
Patrick's wife and daughter were imprisoned in Newgate.
ATTACKED BY FOOTPADS
In the neighbourhood of the Salmon and Ball Inn two
gentlemen travelling by coach on 4 November 1740 were
robbed by three footpads. The following year Captain Henry
Fowler
and two ladies were
also held up.
In 1751 John Drinkwater, an hour glass maker, was hung and
his body buried at St George's in The East. He had been
imprisoned at Newgate.
A SHOULDER OF MUTTON
In 1752 Ann Flynn stole
a shoulder of mutton from a Whitechapel butcher's stall.
She was tried at the Old Bailey after 5 weeks in prison.
Her offence warranted hanging but she said her husband
had been ill for 12 weeks and she had two infants as
well. She was found guilty but mercy was shown her and
she was fined one shilling and discharged.
The shoulder of mutton was taken by the constable (who
was no doubt in greater need than Ann) and cooked as
a meal for his family.
BAWDY HOUSES
1753 'Yesterday at Hicks' Hall in St. John's Street,
before the Bench of Justices, four Persons were tried for
keeping disorderly and common Bawdy Houses, in the Parish
of St. Mary, Whitechapel, and convicted of the same. One Mary Cunningham was sentenced to stand in or upon the
Pillory once within three Months, for two Hours, and to
be imprisoned in Newgate for one Year; two others are to
be pilloried, and confin'd in Newgate six Months, and
each to pay 1 s. Fine; the fourth for keeping a
disorderly common Lodging-House, to be confined in
Bridewell for one Month. Two, convicted last Sessions of
keeping notorious Bawdy-Houses, were sentenced to stand
in the Pillory on Monday next, in Ayliff-Street,
Goodman's Fields.'
DISORDERLY WOMEN
St Dunstan's churchyard was a place, which by its very
position, encouraged idle and disorderly people and the
churchwardens were ordered to take up 'disorderly women
loitering there in daytime.' One such was Sarah Richards who was sent to Bridewell in 1757.
MURDER OF BASTARD CHILD
1759 Thursday Elizabeth
Warner, otherwise Betty, was
committed to Newgate, on the Coroner's inquisition, for
the murder of her bastard child, at the Man in the Moon,
in Whitechapel.
CORNELIUS
SAUNDERS HUNG 1763
The Annual Register for 1763 says that for many years it
was the custom to dump the bodies of the executed
deceased on the doorsteps of those who had been
instrumental with the demise. Cornelius Saunders arrived
in London in 1740 aged 10 years and lived at Lamb Street,
Spitalfields as a domestic servant for Mrs White, victualler. He went to the
gallows was hung in 1763 for stealing a purse containing
£50 from her.
The body was taken to Mrs White's house and the mob who
gathered to see the event objected to so harsh a
punishment and broke into her house, sacked it and
carried her belongings out into the street where they
burnt everything.
LOSS OF LIFE IN BAD HOUSE
1763 Yesterday morning early a seafaring man was found
murdered in Church-lane, near the Mulbury Garden,
Stepney. It is thought he lost his life in a bad house in
that neighbourhood. He had a great gash in his throat,
and a great hole in his belly. It is said he received
£107 on Saturday last.
HIGHWAY ROBBERY & HORSE
STEALING
December 1763 The sessions ended at the Old Bailey, when
six convicts received sentence of death, viz. John Brannon for a highway robbery; John Edenburgh, a Black, for horse stealing; Joseph Jervis for burglareously breaking a house; Ch. Riley, Mary Robinson, and Mary Williams,
for robbing a young sailor of his prize-money; the two
women first pulled him to a house at Salt-petre-bank, but
not being strong enough to rob him, they call'd in Riley,
who with a naked knife, threatened to cut out his liver
if he did not deliver the money. (Gentleman's Magazine)
A NOTORIOUS BAWDY HOUSE
1765 On Saturday last Mary Walpole, for
keeping a notorious Bawdy-House in Church-Lane,
White-Chapel, was sentenced, at Hicks's-Hall, to suffer
one Year's Imprisonment, and to stand in the Pillory
twice during that Time, once at the Maypole in East
Smithfield, and again at the Corner of Back-Lane,
White-Chapel.
GEORGE
CANT
George
Cant was the 40 year
old publican of the Windsor Castle public house in
Holborn. A young woman, Jane Bolland lived with her brother at Solomon Terrace
in St George in the East and on 30 September 1839 she
went to live at the Windsor Castle. Joseph Edward was another who slept at the pub, Thomas Shipton was a pot-boy and Mrs Sarah Goodchild a washerwoman.
On the night of 3-4 October she was taken ill and was
helped to bed by Jane Hollier.
Jane Bolland later accused Cant of rape. Cant was found
guilty and was transported.
(Bibliography: The New Newgate Calendar - The
Folio Society)
ELEPHANT
STAIRS
In 1858 two lightermen brothers, Tom and Charlie
Turnbull, stole two
barges containing lac dye and cases of wine. They took
the barges to Elephant Stairs and were met by a carter.
The brothers each received 18 months hard labour.
(Bibliography: Anchor and Hope by Jo Anderson.)
MAYHEW'S
MALEFACTORS
According to Henry Mayhew (mid 19th century), who was
taken on a tour of the area, Ship Alley was full of
foreign lodging houses. Frederick St was full of brothels
as was Brunswick St, known generally as 'Tiger Bay'
which additionally also had 'thieves lodging houses'.
In Shadwell the most
notorious houses were The White Swan, (commonly called
Paddy's Goose) and in the High St The Three Crowns and
The Grapes. Bluegate Fields, he continued, was 'nothing
more or less than a den of thieves and ruffians of the
lowest description'.
He described Spitalfields
as 'one of the most notorious rookeries in the
metropolis'. This area comprised a space of about
400 square yards and was bounded by Church St,
Whitechapel, East Brick Lane and West Commercial St and
'contains 800 thieves, vagabonds, beggars and
prostitutes' many of whom came from the extinct Essex St
and Old Rose Lane.
Going up an alley called
George Yard, he found four brothels. Proceeding further
he found several lodging houses. Near Union St he 'came
to one of the most dangerous thieves' dens' he had ever
visited. Leaving there he proceeded along Fashion St and
through a skittle-ground entered a public house and
another gang of thieves, many of whom were, he said,
pickpockets.
Mayhew goes on to describe
his journey along Church Lane, Wentworth St, George St,
Thrall St, Church St. To Lower Keat St, Lower George St,
Flower and Dean St.
Those who lived in low lodging houses in Whitechapel,
Wapping, Ratcliffe Highway and analogous districts were
prolific in the production of these infamies
(prostitution and vice). St George's in the East abounds
with them (lodging houses). Mayhew had much to say about
the varieties of criminal at large. Thieves and
swindlers, beggars and cheats, sneak and common thieves,
pickpockets and shoplifters, highway robbers,
housebreakers, burglars, smugglers, receivers, coiners,
embezzlers, card sharps. Rosemary and Petticoat Lane were
streets where stolen clothes could be bought and sold.
Brick Lane and Halfmoon Passage, Union Street,
Spitalfields were also 'receivers' areas.
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