From 1936 until recently Pitstone was dominated by the Cement Works. The opening up of the quarries associated with the works created a wonderful opportunity for exploration of the archaeology of an area close to the Ridgeway, which is one of the oldest roads in England. The area was known to have been inhabited for thousands of years. The archaeological collection consists of items recovered by the Pitstone Local History Society during the 1960's and 1970's. Traces were found of occupation from the earliest times, through the Bronze age and into the Roman period. The society has many examples of fossil remains of plants and animals, including a mammoth tooth. From Roman times there are finds from two sites in the quarries and from c1800 to modern times there is a collection of bottles. All exhibits were found within five miles of this museum.

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