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Everyone accepts that EVs produce no emissions at the point of use. The argument is over how the electricity is generated and what impact that generation has.
The table below summarises all types of emissions, comparing these for petrol, diesel and electric cars. For the EVs, two figures are given for the mix of electricity generaters: actual emissions for 1994 and an estimate for 2000.
| Vehicle | Modern petrol car | Modern diesel car | Electric vehicle | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | 2000 | ||||
| Performance | litres/100 km | 9.9 | 6.4 | 22 kWh/100 km | |
| mpg | 28.6 | 44.4 | 2.8 miles/kWh 350 Wh/mile | ||
| Emissions g/km | NO2 | 0.53 | 0.70 | 0.41 | 0.28 |
| SO2 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 1.38 | 0.70 | |
| CO | 12.6 | 0.71 | 0.02 | 0.02 | |
| particulates | 0.02 | 0.29 | 0.02 | 0.02 | |
| VOCs2 | 0.86 | 0.13 | 0.01 | 0.02 | |
| CO2 | 210 | 165 | 130 | 105 | |
The figures show quite clearly that for most of the key pollutants, the power station emissions due to the energy used by an EV are lower than those from a petrol or diesel vehicle.
For an electric car, the next step is progress towards green electricity.